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NEW QUESTION # 49
You are developing a polyglot serverless application using Oracle Functions. Which language cannot be used to write your function code?
- A. Python
- B. Java
- C. Node.js
- D. Go
- E. PL/SQL
Answer: E
Explanation:
Oracle Functions does not currently support PL/SQL as a language for writing function code. PL/SQL is a procedural language used in Oracle Database for developing stored procedures, triggers, and other database-related code. However, Oracle Functions supports several other popular programming languages such as Go, Node.js, Python, and Java, allowing developers to choose the language that best suits their application requirements and their familiarity with the language. While PL/SQL is powerful for working with the Oracle Database, it is not an option for writing function code in the Oracle Functions serverless architecture.
NEW QUESTION # 50
You developed a microservices-based application that runs in an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Container Engine for Kubernetes (OKE) cluster. It has multiple endpoints that need to be exposed to the public internet. What is the most cost-effective way to expose multiple application endpoints without adding unnecessary complexity to the application?
- A. Create a separate load balancer instance for each service using the lowest 100 Mbps option.
- B. Use a ClusterIP service type in Kubernetes for each of your service endpoints using a load balancer to expose the endpoints.
- C. Use a NodePort service type in Kubernetes for each of your service endpoints using the node's public IP address to access the applications.
- D. Deploy an Ingress Controller and use it to expose each endpoint with its own routing endpoint.
Answer: D
Explanation:
An Ingress Controller is a Kubernetes resource that provides advanced routing and load balancing for your applications running on a Kubernetes cluster1. An Ingress Controller allows you to define rules that specify how to route traffic to different services in your cluster based on the host name or path of the incoming request1. By deploying an Ingress Controller and using it to expose multiple application endpoints, you can achieve the following benefits1:
Cost-effectiveness: You only need to create one load balancer instance per cluster, instead of one per service, which reduces the cost of exposing your applications.
Simplicity: You only need to manage one set of routing rules for all your services, instead of configuring each service separately, which simplifies the application deployment and maintenance.
Flexibility: You can use different types of Ingress Controllers, such as NGINX or Traefik, that offer various features and customization options for your routing needs.
NEW QUESTION # 51
To enforce mutual TLS (mTLS) authentication for clients of your microservices, your team has chosen to leverage the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) API Gateway service to create new API Deployments that will direct requests to your microservices. Which is NOT valid regarding the mTLS options in OCI API Gateway?
- A. Custom CA or custom CA bundles can be added to your gateway's trust store ONLY if they already exist in the OCI Certificates service.
- B. Once the mTLS request policy is enabled, ALL requests with valid certificates are routed to the backend unless you have defined one or more particular values (such as a domain name).
- C. Adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to your gateway's trust store for mTLS is optional unless you need to reject certificates that do not contain particular values (such as a domain name).
- D. The mTLS request policy can only be enabled at the API deployment specification level, which then applies globally to ALL routes in that deployment.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is: "Adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to your gateway's trust store for mTLS is optional unless you need to reject certificates that do not contain particular values (such as a domain name)." The statement that is NOT valid regarding the mTLS options in OCI API Gateway is: "Adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to your gateway's trust store for mTLS is optional unless you need to reject certificates that do not contain particular values (such as a domain name)." In OCI API Gateway, adding a custom certificate authority (CA) or custom CA bundle to the gateway's trust store is not optional. It is a necessary step when configuring mTLS authentication. The trust store in the gateway is used to validate the client certificates presented during mTLS authentication. The other options listed are valid regarding the mTLS options in OCI API Gateway: Once the mTLS request policy is enabled, all requests with valid certificates are routed to the backend unless specific values (such as a domain name) are defined. This means that only requests with valid client certificates will be allowed to access the backend microservices. The mTLS request policy can only be enabled at the API deployment specification level, and it applies globally to all routes in that deployment. This ensures consistent mTLS authentication across all routes and endpoints in the API deployment. Custom CA or custom CA bundles can be added to the gateway's trust store, but only if they already exist in the OCI Certificates service. This allows you to include trusted CAs or CA bundles to validate client certificates during mTLS authentication.
NEW QUESTION # 52
(CHK_4>3) Your development team decides to create and deploy some business logic to serverless Oracle Functions. You are asked to help facilitate the monitoring, logging, and tracing of these services. Which is NOT valid about troubleshooting Oracle Functions?
- A. Oracle Functions invocation logs are enabled at the application level.
- B. Oracle Functions metrics are available at both the function and application level.
- C. Oracle Functions tracing is enabled at the function level.
- D. Oracle Functions invocation is enabled by default
Answer: C
Explanation:
The option that is NOT valid about troubleshooting Oracle Functions is: "Oracle Functions tracing is enabled at the function level." In Oracle Functions, tracing is not enabled at the function level. Instead, tracing is enabled at the application level. When you enable tracing for an application, it applies to all the functions within that application. Tracing allows you to capture detailed information about the execution flow and performance of the functions, helping you analyze and debug issues. The other options mentioned are valid: Oracle Functions invocation logs are enabled at the application level. Invocation logs provide visibility into the details of function invocations, including input, output, duration, and any error messages. These logs are generated and stored by Oracle Functions, and you can access them for troubleshooting and monitoring purposes. Oracle Functions invocation is enabled by default. Once you deploy a function, it becomes invocable by default. You can configure different triggers to invoke the function, such as HTTP requests, scheduled events, or events from other Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services. Oracle Functions metrics are available at both the function and application level. Metrics provide insights into the usage, performance, and behavior of functions. They can include metrics such as invocations per minute, average duration, and error counts. These metrics can be viewed in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Console or accessed programmatically through APIs. It's important to note that the specific configuration and behavior of monitoring, logging, and tracing in Oracle Functions may depend on the version, configuration, and options you have chosen. It is recommended to refer to the Oracle Functions documentation and consult the official documentation for accurate and up-to-date information on troubleshooting and monitoring Oracle Functions.
NEW QUESTION # 53
You have two microservices, A and B, running in production. Service A relies on APIs from service B. You want to test changes to service A without deploying all of its dependencies, which include service B. Which approach should you take to test service A?
- A. There is no need to explicitly test APIs.
- B. Test the APIs in private environments.
- C. Test against production APIs.
- D. Test using API mocks.
Answer: D
Explanation:
API mocking is a technique that simulates the behavior of real APIs without requiring the actual implementation or deployment of the dependent services1. API mocking allows you to test changes to service A without deploying all of its dependencies, such as service B, by creating mock responses for the APIs that service A relies on1. API mocking has several benefits, such as1:
Faster testing: You can test your service A without waiting for service B to be ready or available, which reduces the testing time and feedback loop.
Isolated testing: You can test your service A in isolation from service B, which eliminates the possibility of external factors affecting the test results or causing errors.
Controlled testing: You can test your service A with different scenarios and edge cases by creating mock responses that mimic various situations, such as success, failure, timeout, etc.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Your organization is developing serverless applications with Oracle Functions. Many functions will need to store state data in a database, which will require using appropriate credentials. However, your corporate security standards mandate encryption of secret information, such as database passwords. How would you address this security requirement?
- A. Use OCI Console to enter the password in the function configuration section in the providedinput field.
- B. Use the OCI Vault service to auto-encrypt the password and then set an application-level configuration variable to reference the auto-decrypted password inside your function container.
- C. Encrypt the password using the OCI Vault service and then decrypt this password in your function code with the generated key.
- D. Leverage application-level configuration variables to store passwords because they are automatically encrypted by Oracle Functions.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The best way to store and use secret information, such as database passwords, in Oracle Functions is to use the OCI Vault service. The OCI Vault service provides encryption and decryption capabilities for sensitive data.
You can use the OCI Vault service to encrypt the password and store it as an application-level configuration variable. Then, you can use the generated key to decrypt the password in your function code when you need to access the database. Verified References: Oracle Functions: Using Key Management To Encrypt And Decrypt Configuration Variables
NEW QUESTION # 55
You need to push a new Docker container image to a repository in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry. Which mechanism must you use to provide authentication?
- A. Generate an API signing key to complete the authentication via the OCI CLI.
- B. Generate an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI.
- C. Generate an API signing key to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI.
- D. Generate an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the OCI CLI.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To push a new Docker container image to a repository in OCI Registry, you need to use an Auth Token to complete the authentication via the Docker CLI1. An Auth Token is a secure, auto-generated password that you can use to authenticate with OCI services such as OCI Registry1. You can generate an Auth Token in the Console by following these steps1:
In the top-right corner of the Console, open the Profile menu and then click User settings to view the details.
On the Auth Tokens page, click Generate Token.
Enter a friendly description for the auth token. Avoid entering confidential information.
Click Generate Token. The new auth token is displayed.
Copy the auth token immediately to a secure location from where you can retrieve it later, because you won't see the auth token again in the Console.
Close the Generate Token dialog. After generating an Auth Token, you need to log in to OCI Registry by entering docker login <region-key>.ocir.io in a terminal window on the client machine running Docker, where <region-key> corresponds to the key for the OCI Registry region you're using1. When prompted for a username, enter your username in the format <tenancy-namespace>/<username>, where <tenancy-namespace> is the auto-generated Object Storage namespace string of your tenancy1. When prompted for a password, enter the Auth Token you copied earlier1.
NEW QUESTION # 56
You are a developing a microservices application that will be a consumer of the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service. Which API method should you use to read and process a stream?
- A. GetMessages
- B. ReadStream
- C. GetStream
- D. ReadMessages
- E. ProcessStream
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct API method to read and process a stream in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service is "GetMessages". When consuming messages from a stream in OCI Streaming, you use the "GetMessages" API method. This method allows you to retrieve a batch of messages from the stream for processing. You can specify parameters such as the number of messages to retrieve, the maximum size of the messages, and the timeout for the request. By using the "GetMessages" API method, you can retrieve messages from the stream and then process them in your microservices application. This allows you to consume and handle the data in real-time as it becomes available in the stream. The "GetMessages" method provides flexibility in how you consume and process the messages, enabling you to implement custom logic and workflows based on your specific application requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 57
A Docker image consists of one or more layers, each of which represents a Dockerfile instruction. The layers are stacked and each one is a delta of the changes from the previous layer. What permission is associated with these layers?
- A. write once
- B. read only
- C. write only
- D. movable
- E. read mostly
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct answer is: "read only." The layers of a Docker image are read-only. Once a layer is created, it cannot be modified. Each layer represents a Dockerfile instruction, and it is stacked on top of the previous layer, forming a stack of immutable layers. These layers are designed to be read-only to ensure consistency and integrity of the image. When a Docker image is built, each instruction in the Dockerfile creates a new layer. Each layer represents the changes made by that instruction relative to the previous layer. The layers are stacked on top of each other to form the complete image. This layer-based approach allows for efficient storage and distribution of Docker images. Because the layers are read-only, any changes or modifications to the image result in the creation of new layers rather than modifying the existing ones. This immutability ensures that each layer remains intact and preserves the integrity of the image. It also enables Docker's caching mechanism, where previously built layers can be reused if the corresponding instructions haven't changed, speeding up the image build process. The other options mentioned, such as "write only," "write once,"
"movable," and "read mostly," do not accurately describe the permission associated with Docker image layers.
Docker image layers are specifically designed to be read-only.
NEW QUESTION # 58
You want to push a new image in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry. Which TWO actions would you need to perform? (Choose two.)
- A. Generate an OCI tag namespace in your repository.
- B. Generate an auth token to complete the authentication via Docker CLI.
- C. Assign a tag via Docker CLI to the image.
- D. Assign an OCI defined tag via OCI CLI to the image.
- E. Generate an API signing key to complete the authentication via Docker CLI.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
To push a new image to the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry, you would need to perform the following two actions: Assign a tag via Docker CLI to the image: Before pushing the image, you need to assign a tag to it using the Docker CLI. The tag helps identify the image and associate it with a specific version or label. Generate an auth token to complete the authentication via Docker CLI: To authenticate and authorize the push operation, you need to generate an auth token. This token is used to authenticate your Docker CLI with the OCI Registry, allowing you to push the image securely. Note: Generating an API signing key, assigning an OCI defined tag via OCI CLI, and generating an OCI tag namespace are not required steps for pushing a new image to the OCI Registry.
NEW QUESTION # 59
Your team has been tasked with debugging a Cloud Native application developed using the following Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) services: Object Storage, Events, Functions, API Gateway, and Autonomous Database. Which of these is NOT a valid option for troubleshooting issues in OCI? (Choose the best answer.)
- A. Configure the application to send logs to the OCI Logging service.
- B. Trace performance issues In the Application Performance Monitoring service by enabling Function traces.
- C. Leverage OCI Cloud Guard to extract and visualize the debug logs generated by your application.
- D. View service metric information from the OCI Monitoring service.
- E. Use OCI Service Connector Hub to configure a service connector to automatically send logs to the OCI Logging Analytics service.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To troubleshoot issues in OCI, the option that is not valid is: Trace performance issues in the Application Performance Monitoring service by enabling Function traces. While the Application Performance Monitoring service in OCI allows you to monitor and trace the performance of your applications, it is specifically designed for monitoring OCI Functions (serverless functions) and does not directly apply to all types of applications. The other options mentioned, such as configuring logs in the OCI Logging service, leveraging OCI Cloud Guard for debug logs, viewing service metrics in the OCI Monitoring service, and using OCI Service Connector Hub for log forwarding, are valid options for troubleshooting and monitoring applications in OCI.
NEW QUESTION # 60
Which statement about microservices is FALSE?
- A. They are independently deployable.
- B. It is fairly common for them to communicate with HTTP.
- C. They are typically designed around business capabilities.
- D. Multiple microservices can run in one process.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct answer is: "Multiple microservices can run in one process." The statement that is FALSE about microservices is: "Multiple microservices can run in one process." Microservices are designed to be independent and autonomous services that can be deployed, scaled, and managed separately. Each microservice typically runs as its own separate process. This separation allows for loose coupling and independent scalability of individual services. Running multiple microservices in a single process would violate the fundamental principle of microservices architecture, which emphasizes the isolation and independence of services. Combining multiple microservices into a single process would tightly couple them, making it difficult to independently manage, scale, and update each service. The other statements provided are true about microservices: It is fairly common for microservices to communicate with HTTP: Microservices often communicate with each other using lightweight protocols like HTTP/REST. This allows for interoperability, flexibility, and ease of communication between microservices. Microservices are typically designed around business capabilities: Microservices architecture advocates designing services based on specific business capabilities or functionalities. Each microservice focuses on a specific business domain or task, enabling modular and scalable development. They are independently deployable: Microservices are designed to be independently deployable units. This means that each microservice can be developed, tested, deployed, and updated separately without affecting other services. This flexibility allows for faster development cycles and more efficient scalability.
NEW QUESTION # 61
What is the open source engine for Oracle Functions?
- A. OpenFaas
- B. Knative
- C. Apache OpenWhisk
- D. Fn Project
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The Fn Project is an open source serverless computing platform that serves as the engine for Oracle Functions.
It provides a runtime environment for executing functions in a serverless architecture. The Fn Project enables developers to build and deploy functions using different programming languages, including Java, Python, Node.js, and more. The Fn Project is designed to be flexible and extensible, allowing developers to define functions as small units of code and execute them in response to events or triggers. It supports event-driven execution, allowing functions to be triggered by various events such as HTTP requests, messages from messaging systems, or changes in data. Oracle Functions leverages the Fn Project as its underlying engine, providing a managed serverless platform within the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. It allows developers to easily develop, deploy, and manage functions using the familiar Fn Project framework and tooling. With Oracle Functions, developers can focus on writing their function code while leaving the infrastructure management, scaling, and operational tasks to the platform.
NEW QUESTION # 62
You encounter an unexpected error when invoking Oracle Functions from your Cloud Shell session named myfunction in the myapp application. Which option will get you more information on the error?
- A. DEBUG=1 fn invoke myapp myfunction
- B. fn --debug invoke myapp myfunction
- C. Contact Oracle support with your error message
- D. fn --verbose invoke myapp myfunction
Answer: A
Explanation:
The option that will get you more information on the error when invoking Oracle Functions from your Cloud Shell session is: "DEBUG=1 fn invoke myapp myfunction". Setting the environment variable DEBUG=1 before invoking the function using the fn command allows you to enable debug mode, which provides more detailed information about the execution of the function. This can be useful for troubleshooting and understanding the root cause of the error. By using the command "DEBUG=1 fn invoke myapp myfunction", the function invocation will be executed with debug mode enabled, and additional debug information will be displayed in the console output. This information can include stack traces, detailed error messages, and other relevant details that can help identify and resolve the issue. Using the verbose option (--verbose) or debug option (--debug) with the fn command may also provide additional information, but the specific behavior may depend on the version and configuration of the fn CLI tool. While contacting Oracle support with the error message is always an option, enabling debug mode using the DEBUG=1 environment variable provides immediate access to more detailed information and can help in diagnosing and resolving the error more efficiently.
NEW QUESTION # 63
You are building a cloud native serverless travel application with multiple Oracle Functions in Java, Python, and Node.js. You need to build and deploy these functions to a single application named travel-app. Which command will help you complete this task successfully?
- A. fn function deploy app travel-app--all
- B. fn app deploy --app travel-app --all
- C. fn deploy--app travel-app --all
- D. fn app --app travel-app deploy --ext java pyljs
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct answer is: fn deploy --app travel-app --allExplanation: To build and deploy multiple Oracle Functions as part of a single application named "travel-app," you can use the fn deploy command with the appropriate options. The command fn deploy --app travel-app --all is the correct syntax. Here's what each part of the command does: fn deploy: This command is used to deploy functions and applications in Oracle Functions. --app travel-app: This option specifies the application name as "travel-app," indicating that you want to deploy functions to this application. --all: This option indicates that you want to deploy all the functions within the application. By using fn deploy --app travel-app --all, you can build and deploy all the functions in your travel application across different programming languages (Java, Python, and Node.js) to the
"travel-app" application in Oracle Functions.
NEW QUESTION # 64
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